IN RECOGNITION OF THE DIRECTORS Part Two

As I may have mentioned before, I put hours of work into these posts. Thus, when it came to directors, I scanned the internet and utilized knowledge that I’d gleaned over the years by reading about the difficulties various actors had with their directors. Examples of the worst offenders include Francis Ford Coppola who caused Martin Sheen to have a heart attack on the set of Apocalypse Now, and James Cameron who threatened to shoot any cast member of True Lies that took a bathroom break. Thus, when I started researching Garry Marshall’s style it was a pleasure to discover that he treated performers with respect, good humor, and kindness.

 

Garry Marshall

Garry Marshall was born in the Bronx to Majorie, a dance teacher, and Anthony, a producer and director of industrial films. Although he majored in journalism at Illinois’ Northwestern University and worked as a reporter for The Daily Northwestern at school and for the Stars and Stripes in the army, once discharged from the military, he entered the entertainment industry. His first gig was in California writing jokes for the likes of Joey Bishop and Jack Parr with partner Fred Freeman. After Freeman decided to return to New York, Jerry Belson took his place and he and Marshall wrote and produced extraordinarily successful television shows like Happy Days, Laverne and Shirley, and Mork and Mindy. Then in 1982, at the age of forty-seven, Marshall began to perform in as well as write, direct, and produce movies.

Beginning with Young Doctors In Love he spent the next thirty plus years making films that used a formula of counterbalancing love with tension. His best-known movies are Pretty Woman, The Princess Diaries, the bitter/sweet Beaches, and a couple of my favorites, Overboard with Goldie Hawn and Kurt Russell, and Raising Helen which starred Goldie’s daughter Kate Hudson. Marshall was popular as a director because he kept the set peaceful and respected actors’ opinions, but his most noteworthy quality was loyalty. He donated a great deal of money to his Alma Mater, was married to his wife Barbara from 1963 until he died in 2016, and unashamedly practiced nepotism, employing sisters, children, nieces, grandchildren and friends as actors, directors, and/or editors.   

https://screenwritingfromiowa.wordpress.com/2015/10/06/garry-marshall-month-day-6/

https://screenwritingfromiowa.wordpress.com/2012/10/09/garry-marshalls-directing-tips-part-2/

On RogerEbert.com Susan Wloszczyna points out that although Marshall’s movies were never “edgy” enough to be nominated by the academy, that didn’t mean his efforts were unappreciated. His fellow thespians respected his work and showed it by giving him awards for his depiction of women, his writing, and his overall accomplishments. Further, even when critics castigated his efforts, audiences applauded what he brought to television and the big screen. He also was something of a star maker, helping a number of struggling actors rise to the top of their field, including Robin Williams (Mork and Mindy), Anne Hathaway (Princess Bride) and Julia Roberts (Pretty Woman). He even helped to rehabilitate the actors whose stars had begun to fade like Richard Gere (Pretty Woman and Runaway Bride) and Julie Andrews (Princess Diaries one and two). However, in the case of Frankie and Johnny, Marshall didn’t have to save his headlining duo, Michelle Pfeiffer and Al Pacino, because they were already at the apex of their careers.

https://www.rogerebert.com/features/garry-marshall-1934-2016

https://www.eonline.com/news/781397/garry-marshall-the-actor-s-ally-how-the-legendary-director-launched-a-list-careers

 

Frankie and Johnny, 1991

Having grown up in Brooklyn, it’s as if Al Pacino was born to be an actor. In fact, aside from some jobs he had as a teenager, he never did anything except act. He attended the High School of Performing Arts in Manhattan and when that didn’t work out, he left school at the age of seventeen and went on to study at both the Herbert Berghof and the Actors Studios. During those years he appeared both off and on Broadway, winning his first Tony award at the age of twenty-nine. From the stage he moved on to movies, making such a great impression in his first starring role as Bobby in The Panic in Needle Park (1971) that Francis Ford Coppola cast him as Michael Corleone in The Godfather (1972) choosing him over the likes of Jack Nicholson and Robert Redford. During the 1980s Pacino starred in many Oscar nominated films like Serpico (1974), Dog Day Afternoon, and my all-time favorite And Justice for All (“You’re out of order. You’re out of order. The whole trial is out of order!”)

In fact, he was nominated for five Oscars between 1970 and 1980, but then his popularity cooled and his only notable role during the 1980s was as Tony Montana in Scarface (1984) where he played opposite Michelle Pfeiffer. After that, his career nearly ground to a halt not resurging until the 1990s when he was the first actor ever to be nominated for two Academy Awards in two movies in the same year, Dick Tracy and Glengarry Glen Ross (which I hated) in 1991. He finally won the coveted Oscar for his appearance as Lt. Col. Frank Slade in Scent of a Woman. It was during this burgeoning reign of success that he played the part of Johnny in Marshall’s lesser-known film Frankie and Johnny where he once again appeared opposite Ms. Pfeiffer.

Born in Southern California with a face that many consider perfect, it is not surprising that Michelle Pfeiffer ended up in the movies, even though that wasn’t her original goal. Although she won beauty contests in her adolescence, after high school Michelle went to Golden West College to study court reporting. Luckily for movie lovers, somewhere along the line she changed her mind and signed with an agent who helped her get started in show business. Her first appearances were in commercials and small parts on television shows like Fantasy Island and C.H.I.P.S. All the while she was taking acting classes and landed her first starring role in 1982 as Stephanie Zinone in Grease 2 where she did some pretty good singing in a pretty lousy movie. A year later her hard work paid off when she was cast opposite Al Pacino as Tony Montana’s wife Elvira Hancock Montana in Scarface.

Unlike Pacino whose career was just beginning to recover in the early nineties, however, Pfeiffer’s star had been consistently on the rise. Her films Dangerous Liaisons (1988) and The Fabulous Baker Boys (1989), which both brought academy nominations, won a Bafta Award for the former and a Golden Globe for the latter. Thus, when Pfeiffer and Pacino appeared in Frankie and Johnny, both were enjoying well deserved successes. What I wanted to know was how this film fit into their career paths.

 https://www.biography.com/actors/al-pacinoo

When the movie opens Frankie (Michelle Pfeiffer) is traveling by bus from New York to Altoona, Pennsylvania to attend her nephew’s christening. As miles of fields stream past the window, she applies makeup and reads a magazine, paying little attention to the bus driver when he points out that they are passing Rockville State Prison (which is actually an hour from Altoona) and will arrive at their destination in fifteen minutes. Later, while Frankie is standing at the front of her cousin’s (Dedee Pfeiffer, Michelle’s sister) Catholic church promising to be a good godparent, a group of men is shown leaving the prison. One of them is Johnny (Al Pacino) who is being released after serving an eighteen-month sentence for writing bad checks. As he’s walking through the gates, an inmate asks him to come back and cook for them and the warden warns him that New York City is a dangerous place to live. Glad to be free, however, he ignores both men, walks to a nearby bus stop, and catches the first one heading north.

Meanwhile, at the post-baptism celebration, Frankie sits with her mother (K. Callens) patiently listening to her complain about not being a grandmother. Frankie tries to explain that she just isn’t a kid kind of person, and that she’s not unmarried and childless because of anything her mother did, but her mom doesn’t seem to believe it. A family member gives Frankie a ride home, and she stands at her kitchen window eating pizza and watching the people who live in the building across the way. Many of them live alone, but even those that don’t appear decidedly unhappy, particularly the man who beats his wife and the wife who inexplicably stays. As he drags her into another room, Frankie cringes and turns away.

Actually, although she isn’t dating that doesn’t mean that Frankie doesn’t have anyone in her life. Her neighbor Tim (Nathan Lane) and his new boyfriend Bobby (Sean O’Bryan) are good examples of this. Tim, who has known Frankie for years, complains that she dated in the past and is only single now because she turns down everyone who asks her out. [People don’t have to be alone just because] “their feelings got hurt or there’s a virus (AIDS),” he tells her. Frankie also has comrades at the Apollo restaurant where she waits tables. There’s Cora (Kate Nelligan) who is sexy and overly friendly with male patrons, Nedda (Jane Morris) who is so pessimistic she wouldn’t be popular if she were the most beautiful woman on earth, and Helen (Goldie McLaughlin), who is in poor health and has no family. Helen is hospitalized early in the movie and when the women visit her, Netta voices what they are all wondering, “You think we’re going to end up like this, alone?” Frankie points out that Helen has people who care about her because they are there. However, they have to get back to work and when Helen dies, she dies alone.

After he gets settled into a drab room in a rundown walkup, Johnny checks the paper and sees an ad for a short order cook at the restaurant where Frankie works. He applies and luckily the owner Nick (Hector Elizondo), who immigrated to America from Greece for a fresh start, believes in second chances and hires Johnny despite his criminal record. He quickly proves to be both a good cook and a very likable guy, especially in Cora’s opinion who thinks he has “a cute ass.” Frankie on the other hand, displays disinterest, which intrigues him. He tries to impress her by quoting Romeo and Juliet from a book that he keeps on hand in case of a charismatic emergency, but he would have better luck reading to her from a movie magazine.

Their relationship quickly becomes a roller coaster ride with Frankie only watching Johnny when he’s not looking and him trying too hard to get close to her. He confides that he finds her attractive, that he’s got a crush on her, that he wants her to give him a chance. Finally when Peter (Glenn Plumer), one of the line workers, sells a script to Hollywood, Nick throws him a going away party and Johnny asks Frankie to be his date. Her response is ambiguous because she tells him no, but gets all dolled up, and when he arrives at her apartment door, she lets him in instead of telling him to get lost. Then she asks Tim and Bobby to entertain him so she can finish dressing. While he’s waiting, Johnny tries to be cool about the men’s homosexuality by commenting that he has a cousin who is gay. At the party, the two are clearly together but she becomes irritated when hangs around her and is annoyed that he even follows her outside. She accuses him of being too intense, and complains that rather than just looking at her, he stares, but at the end of the evening they go back to her place and begin kissing. She is obviously ready to have sex with him, but now he puts on the brakes because he didn’t bring any condoms since he didn’t want to appear “overanxious.”

Instead of making him leave, however, Frankie allows him to stay so they can get to know each other better. Unfortunately, their conversation is derailed by secrets that neither one is willing to divulge. They even lie about their ages. He says he’s forty-two, no, forty-four, but really forty-six. She says she’s thirty-two, well actually thirty-five, and by the way, she has some condoms in her bathroom cabinet. The whole time they’re preparing for bed, however, she continues to criticize him, complaining that she’s a BLT when he’s looking for “pheasant under glass.”  Later, even though she clearly enjoyed the sex, instead of letting Johnny stay the night, she sends him home. The next morning he shows up at work expecting things between them to be good, but when he makes a comment about wanting kids, it starts a new fight. She accuses him of being “too needy,” of wanting “everything she has.” Instead of backing off, however, he asks her out, to which she replies that it’s her bowling night and he needs to leave her alone so she “can get over him.”

Rather than arguing, Johnny respects her wishes. He borrows a car from a co-worker and drives out of town to visit his kids (that he’s never told Frankie about). Yet, when he sees his ex-wife with her new husband at their really nice house with his children happily gathered around them, he goes back to New York to meet Frankie at the bowling alley. She’s understandably upset, but rather than leaving, Johnny stays and continues to pressure her. When she says she’s from Altoona, he tells her he was born there, leaving out the fact that he was just released from the town’s nearby prison. Unappeased, she finds something wrong with everything he says, but instead of that making him back off, he goes for broke and says that he’s in love with her, wants to marry her, and have four or five kids with her. At the end of her rope, Frankie reiterates that she is all wrong for him, and what’s more she can’t have children. Then she disappears into the women’s bathroom, but rather than letting up, Johnny follows her.

In desperation, Frankie reverses her tactic and maintains that Johnny’s not what she wants. She wants someone who will love her no matter what and won’t ask her for things. From that point on, she cuts all ties with him by refusing to take his calls and changing shifts at work. Eventually, it dawns on Johnny that Frankie doesn’t trust him, and that’s because he hasn’t been honest with her. So he goes to her apartment and, as Debussy’s “Claire de Lune” plays on the radio, they begin to open up to each other. He admits that he is divorced, has two kids, and just got out of prison, all things he should have disclosed from day one. In return, she confides that her last boyfriend, Phillip, dumped her for her best friend and she hasn’t had a relationship since. She also reveals that she can’t have children because the man she was with before Phillip beat her so badly it caused her to have a miscarriage, and due to complications from that, she is barren. She also admits that Johnny makes her feel protective, but she wants someone to take care of her for a change.

Fearing that he’s going to lose her altogether, Johnny calls the radio station and asks the DJ, who doesn’t take requests, to play “Caire De Lune” again and dedicate it to Frankie and Johnny. With the music filling the apartment, Frankie eases into the bathroom and emerges brushing her teeth. She tells Johnny that there’s a spare toothbrush in the cabinet and he disappears then returns seconds later brushing his teeth, as well. They join at the window to gaze out at a spectacular morning and for the first time they are comfortable with one another. Then as the music swells, Frankie admits that she’s actually thirty-sex.

 

Summary

Although the plot of this film incorporates Garry Marshall’s favorite formula of love, heart break, and resolution it’s actually an adaptation from the stage production of Frankie and Johnny in the Claire de Lune, an off-Broadway play written by Terrence McNally. Marshall just adds some of his iconic twists. For instance, he often incorporates his stars’ favorite activities into the plots of his films so in this case, Frankie is in a bowling league because Pfeiffer loves to bowl, and Johnny quotes Shakespeare to reflect Pacino’s amazing acting talent. There are three topics in the film that I found particularly interesting. The first has to do with reviewers who complained that the casting was poor because no one would believe that Pfeiffer and Pacino were unattached. Admittedly, F. Murray Abraham and Cathy Bates (who cleans up pretty well in my opinion) who starred in the play might not be as exceptionally beautiful as Pacino and Pfeiffer, but I think that was Marshall’s point. Love is not only for those who are beautiful, and good looks don’t guarantee happiness.

Another more subtle topic in the film is male homosexuality. Early in the movie there is a scene where Johnny and Cora have sex, and she comments on how quiet he is. He responds that there are situations “where full throated orgasms would be inappropriate” which seems to suggest that he was referring to relations between prison inmates. If that’s the case, was he just pretending to be uncomfortable with Tim and Bobby’s relationship to reassure Frankie that he’s hetero? The third matter that caught my attention was Frankie’s hesitancy to reveal that she’s really thirty-six, as if the number is significant. Well, according to numerologists, thirty-six is a particularly important age, especially for women. It’s a time when they start to compare where they are in life versus where they expected to be. It is also a very noteworthy age for actresses. Marilyn Monroe was fired from Something’s Gotta Give right after her thirty-sixth birthday and it was the age at which Greta Garbo retired from acting to focus on her family. In fact, Hollywood offers far fewer roles to older women. What does that mean? Does the movie industry believe women have to be young to be beautiful, or more importantly does it think that a woman has to be beautiful to be talented?

https://coriechu.com/blog/36-years-old

http://www.the-beheld.com/2012/05/life-at-36-anne-bancroft-phylicia.html

https://bestlifeonline.com/greta-garbo-quit-acting-news/

 

Penny Marshall

Penny Marshall began working in show business much earlier than her brother did. From tap dancing in front of audiences at age three, to doing choreography in her early twenties, to having her own television show in the 70’s and 80’s, Penny Marshall spent the majority of her life entertaining people. When the hit show Laverne and Shirley ended in 1983, Penny took what she’d learned from directing a few of the sitcom’s episodes and started to direct films. Her first movie was supposed to be Peggy Sue Got Married, but there were creative differences, so she quit, and directed Jumpin’ Jack Flash, instead. The film was not very well received but it made more than it cost so she kept at it. She must have been a quick study because her next three films, Big, Awakenings, and A League of Their Own brought her wide praise. In fact, Big became the first film directed by a woman to gross over $100,000,000 (yes, that’s a hundred-million). Altogether Penny only directed nine films, but although she never won an Oscar, three of her films were nominated for Academy Awards: Big (Best Actor, Tom Hanks), Awakenings (Best Picture and Best Actor, Robert Dinero), and The Preacher’s Wife (Best Musical Score).

https://www.vox.com/culture/2018/12/18/18146811/penny-marshall-dead-director-league-of-their-own-big-awakenings

Penny preferred to collaborate with actors that had experience in television because they could understand her directorial cues. For instance, she found Tom Hanks easy to direct in Big because she knew him from Bosom Buddies and could communicate with him through body language. Like her brother, Penny preferred actors who had experience performing activities that the characters had to do. In A League of Their Own, for instance, a lot of the women had either played softball, or were naturals like Geena Davis (who replaced Debra Winger). She also practiced nepotism: she cast her daughter Tracy to play Betty Spaghetti, used her brother Garry to portray Chicago Cubs co-owner and Girls Baseball League founder Walter Harvey, and chose her niece Kathleen to be outfielder ‘Mumbles’ Brockman.

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video?fr=mcafee&p=penny+marshall+directing+style&type=E210US910G0#id=1&vid=169f3d799b399a4ec394639781b246b7&action=click

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video?fr=mcafee&p=penny+marshall+directing+style&type=E210US910G0#id=51&vid=ed09d6dbdb69b8a3bf9ed8d20e721247&action=view

https://www.sbnation.com/2018/12/18/18147135/penny-marshall-a-league-of-their-own-impacted-women-in-sports

 

Renaissance Man, 1994

Although Danny DeVito didn’t come from a theatrical family, he grew up in New Jersey not far from New York City. He attended the exclusive Catholic Oratory Prep School and after graduating went to work as a cosmetologist in his sister’s Beauty Salon. He enrolled in the American Academy of Dramatic Arts to learn how to do makeup for actors, but once there, he grew interested in acting. Luckily, he met Michael Douglas who became a close friend and a staunch supporter of his career. On the way, he appeared in a few plays, but his big break came when he landed the role of Louie DePalma in the television series Taxi. After that DeVito began to appear in films, and by 1994 he checked a lot of Penny Marshall’s directorial boxes. He was a successful actor who could carry both funny and serious parts, had worked in television, where he was nominated for multiple Emmy and Golden Globe awards, and had worked in a number of academy nominated movies including One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (1975) and Terms of Endearment (1983) where he appeared with Oscar winning actor Jack Nicholson.   

https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000362/bio/?ref_=nm_ov_bio_sm

Unlike A League of Their Own which led to the creation of female athletic leagues, Renaissance Man met with a lot of criticism. For example, Roger Ebert thought a rude impatient man like Bill Rago (Danny DeVito) was an unacceptable instructor for a group of disadvantaged youths. He further thought it unlikely that people with tragic backstories would enjoy reading a gloomy play like Shakespear’s Hamlet. I hate to disagree with Mr. Ebert, but I enjoyed reading and writing about this film immensely.

First, Renaissance Man pairs well with Frankie and Johnny for reasons that will become clear later. Second, I like the character’s diversity because I don’t want my blog to only include ‘white’ movies. Rago, the protagonist is Caucasian, but Sargeant Cass (Gregory Hines), Pvt. Miranda Myers (Stacey Dash), Pvt. Jamaal Montgomery (Kadeem Hardison), Pvt. Jackson Leroy (Richard T. Jones), and Pvt Roosevelt (Nathaniel) Hobbs (Khalil Kain) are Black; Pvt Benitez (Lillo Brancato) is Hispanic; and although Pvt. Brian Davis, Jr. (Peter Simmons), Pvt. Mel Melvin (Gregory Sporleder) and Pvt. Tommy Lee Haywood (Mark Wahlberg) are White, they have different backgrounds. Davis was raised by a single mother, Melvin was a victim of child abuse, and Haywood grew up trailer trash.

The title is applicable on various levels. The term Renaissance originated in Italy when the country’s culture turned from focusing on religion to emphasizing literature, art, science, and individuality. Thus, a Renaissance Person (because it’s not just for men anymore), or polymath, is someone that excels in many fields including the sciences, arts, and humanities. Leonardo Da Vinci is often used as the quintessential example of a Renaissance Man. However, a more contemporary case might be J. Robert Oppenheimer who was not only a theoretical physicist, but also knew classical literature, multiple languages, and excelled as the leader of the Manhattan Project in Los Alamos, New Mexico during World War II.

As the movie opens, hip hop music blasts from the speakers, and the camera shows a birds eye view of downtown Detroit, where the story begins. Down below advertising executive Bill Rago (Danny DaVito) is caught in a traffic jam making him late for one of the most important meetings of his life. An arrogant man, he tries to remedy the situation by doing it over the phone, never considering that the connection might be bad, which it is, or that his potential clients will be offended, which they are. Unfortunately, by the time he reaches the office, the clients are gone, he’s lost his job, and his co-workers are unsympathetic because he’s new and rude and they don’t like him, anyway. Unfortunately, Bill has “burned a lot of bridges” along the way and is going to have difficulties finding a new position.

Music by award winning composer Hans Zimmer which is reminiscent of “Claire de lune” plays softly in the background as Bill leaves the office and goes home. When he gets there, his daughter Emily (Alanna Ubach) calls asking for money to fly to Mexico to see the lunar eclipse with her astronomy club. Because he thinks astronomy is a dead-end profession, Bill castigates her request with a flat no. Hoping to change her father’s mind, Emily accompanies him to a baseball game and tries again. Unwilling to reconsider, he refuses again, and when he takes her home, Emily slams the door in his face, suggesting that she might be more like her father than she realizes.

Unable to find work, Bill goes to the unemployment office to sign up for assistance. He expects to receive help immediately, but the economy is sluggish, benefits take time, and civil servant Beverly Coleman (Jenifer Lewis) doesn’t have any positions that suit him. As is typical when things don’t go his way, Bill reverts to type and throws a tantrum. After a few weeks, however, he has made friends with some of the other applicants, and he and Beverly trade stories about their kids like old friends. Then she offers him a job teaching a class at the local military base. Bill, who has never taught, voices doubts, but she points out that his master’s degree from Princeton makes him qualified, then sweetens the pot by revealing that the position pays well and comes with free housing. Desperate to get back to work, he agrees to try it.

The next morning, an extremely nervous Bill Rago arrives at the Army base, asks where he can find Captain Murdoch (James Remar) and struggles to understand the contradictory directions he gets from various personnel who use strings of antonyms. Eventually, he locates the correct office, and the Captain welcomes him to Camp McClane. (In truth, the name is fictional; the movie was actually filmed on location at Fort Jackson in Columbia, South Carolina.) Ignoring Bill’s obvious discomfort, he explains that the job entails teaching eight ‘squeakers’ “how to comprehend” what is expected of them. Then he escorts Bill to a tiny apartment which has a shared kitchen and rickety furniture that represents a big step down for a prize-winning businessman. On Bill’s first day he nervously stands at the front of the classroom and watches his students march in and stand at attention. When they learn he is a civilian, however, they begin to misbehave, arguing among themselves and calling each another double Ds which stands for dumb as dogshit. Even worse, instead of training materials, the Army has only supplied him with paper and pencils, so he tells the class to write about why they joined the army, then sits down and falls asleep.

Surprisingly, the next day the students bring in their assignments, and he has the class read them aloud. Their stories are very sad. Most are from low-income homes, some were not raised by their parents, and a few were neglected or abused. One commonality they share, however, is that they joined the army to improve their lives. The next assignment he gives them is to bring something to read, so the next day the students come with magazines, comic books, and the like. After telling them to read to themselves, Bill sits down and opens a copy of Hamlet. Unsatisfied with their own materials, the students ask Bill what he’s reading, and when he tells them it’s a story about sex and murder, incest, and insanity, they want him to read it to them.

It doesn’t take Bill long to realize that the play just might interest soldiers and be an excellent way to teach them how language works. Thus, while explaining the plot in general terms, he begins talking about figures of speech like similes, metaphors, and oxymorons. The students quickly become hooked on the plot, so he decides to have them study the play as a group and assigns each one a part. Just as he starts feeling like he might be able to do this job, after all, Drill Sargeant Lou Cass (Gregory Hines) accuses him of wasting the soldiers’ time because they need to know how to “save lives” rather than read poetry. Neither man is willing to back down, and they fight frequently, but when Bill contradicts Doss in front of the troops, Murdoch sends for him. He explains calmly but firmly that Bill is a guest of the Army and cannot interfere with the soldiers’ military training.

Fed up with the government’s red tape, Bill decides to seek another job, and doesn’t get back from the interview until class time is nearly over. The students are already upset, and when they find out where he’s been, they walk out. As Bill looks over his empty classroom, he concludes that he and the students need each other. To get them back, he makes his way to the training field and demonstrates his commitment to their education by taking on the Victory Tower, which he conquers with their help. This is a turning point for Bill and Doss because they realize how much improvement the students are showing on and off the field. Bill becomes especially determined to help Roosevelt Hobbs, who he believes could succeed at West Point. Unfortunately when the Army looks into his background, they find that Roosevelt Hobbs is really a crack dealer named Nathanial Hobbs, and that there is an outstanding warrant out for him. When the MPs come into the classroom to arrest him, the rest of the students turn against Bill. Instead of letting them bully him, however, he uses the situation as an important lesson. Reminding them of the line ‘to thine own self be true’ from Hamlet, he explains that it means “the choices we make determine the lives we lead.” While doing so, he realizes that he should take his own advice and stop holding Emily back. He corrects this mistake by hocking his treasured award to obtain the money she needs to finance the trip to Mexico.

The students enjoy Hamlet so much that Bill takes them to see a production of Shakespear’s play Henry V. Their grasp of the plot convinces him that they are ready for their final exam. But when he tells this to Murdoch, the Captain discourages him because if the soldiers don’t pass, the army will dismiss them. Although Bill is confident that the students can do well, he lets them decide and is not surprised that they insist on taking the test. They pass with ease and at the end of the story Emily accompanies Bill to watch his students graduate, he and Doss acknowledge a grudging respect for each other, and he has grown to love the job so much that he’s decided to stay on.

https://outlawvern.com/2024/06/06/renaissance-man/

https://mybaseguide.com/victory-tower-fort-jackson

https://www.crossway.org/articles/5-lessons-from-shakespeares-hamlet/

https://nosweatshakespeare.com/play-summary-2/hamlet/

https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/renaissance-man-1994

https://www.history.com/topics/renaissance/italian-renaissance

 

Summary

I thought one of the most moving scenes in Renaissance Man was toward the end when Doss orders the ‘squeakers’ to prove that they learned anything useful in the class and Pvt. Benitez quotes King Henry’s St. Crispen’s Day speech to his soldiers. This both indicates that the young man who only read Archie comic books when the class began not only understands how the speech applies to him and his classmates but highlights his interest in higher education. The class didn’t study Henry V, so he bought the book and read it on his own, in essence seeking to make himself a Renaissance man. Thus, the title not only describes Bill Rago, but also identifies the possibilities that he’s giving the students.

To be honest, except for Roosevelt (Nathaniel) Hobbs being arrested, I think this would actually be a good Christmas movie. Rago starts out temperamental and insensitive like Scrooge then later experiences an awakening, not through dreams of Christmas spirits, but by witnessing the miraculous changes that education brought about for his students. More than that, the experience makes him a better man and father. Roger Ebert disliked the movie because he found the plot sticky-sweet, but I don’t think it’s any different than “A Christmas Carol” which everyone loves.

https://www.britishshakespeare.ws/introducing-hamlet-and-henry-v-through-penny-marchals-renaissnace-man/

 

Conclusion

In conclusion, I put these two movies together because they shared the common theme of loneliness. Frankie, Johnny, and Bill are lonely because they hide who they really are and only find companionship when they reveal the emotions that keep to themselves. One way Garry and Penny Marshall depicted these transformations was by borrowing from Shakespeare. Johnny struggles to impress Frankie by reading Romeo and Juliet to her and Bill uses Hamlet to broaden his students’ understanding of the world around them. However, both men also begin to comprehend their own shortcomings and once they have reached beyond the borders of the plays, find their own happinesses.

A secondary device that both Marshalls employed was Debussy’s “Claire de lune” in Frankie and Johnny and Han Zimmer’s similar sounding soundtrack in Renaissance Man. (Apparently, Zimmer is known to borrow from other composers and according to Musicopen.com “Claire de lune” is in the open domain.) My question was what the piece signifies. “Claire de lune” is the third of the four-part Suite bergamasque which is Debussy’s musical interpretation of the poem Claire de lune that was written by Paul Verlaine in 1869. According to pianist Lang Lang, “Claire de lune” is a sad composition that depicts a place where everyone hides their real feelings. Thus, rather than being able to take anything at face value, peoples’ expressions, actions, and even utterances have to be considered symbols of something else.

For most of the movie, Frankie and Johnny hide how they really feel. Frankie acts like she’s disinterested in Johnny to avoid being hurt again; he ignores her coldness because he can’t stand the thought of her rejecting him like his wife did. It isn’t until the end, when they are listening to “Claire de lune” that they finally open up to each other and begin to heal. Bill’s behavior also hides his real emotions. He uses anger to hide his fear of failure, uses refusal to hide his worry that Emily will follow in his footsteps, and employs sarcasm to hide his concern that he won’t be able to save his students. It is at these points that you can hear Zimmer’s Debussy-like tracks play in the background. As the students begin to succeed in both the classroom and on the exercise field, however, Bill’s worries are dispelled, and the Debussy-like tracks disappear.

Right now, both Frankie and Johnny and Renaissance Man are streaming on Apple TV, Amazon Prime, and Fandango for $3.99. If you want to own one of the movies, Frankie and Johnny is for sale new at Amazon and Walmart for $10 to $15 and is available used at eBay for around five bucks. However, you need to be careful. There are a lot of films with the same name including one starring Elvis Presley so be sure to search for the film made in 1991. Renaissance Man is also for sale on eBay and Amazon, but most of the DVDs are used and some are extremely expensive, $50, $75, even over $100. Luckily, I got mine before other people realized the critics were wrong. Speaking of critics, IMDB ranked both movies similarly with Frankie and Johnny scoring 69% and Renaissance Man scoring 62%. Rotten Tomatoes critics, however, hated it, and gave it an overall score of 12% which is about the lowest I’ve ever seen. Thus, you might want to rent it before you buy it.

This is my last post for 2024. I’m taking the holidays and my birthday off, but I’ll be back in late winter to talk about a couple more movies by my favorite directors. Until then Felices Fiestas.

https://www.udiscovermusic.com/classical-features/debussy-clair-de-lune-masterpiece-guide/

https://www.pianotv.net/2016/05/analysis-of-clair-de-lune/


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